Blood Typing Basics

Understand your blood type and discover who you can help. Learn the science behind blood compatibility and why it matters.

The ABO System
Understanding the four main blood types

Your blood type is determined by proteins called antigens on the surface of your red blood cells. The main system is called ABO, which gives you four possible types:

Type A

Has A antigens on red blood cells

Type B

Has B antigens on red blood cells

Type AB

Has both A and B antigens

Type O

Has neither A nor B antigens

The Rh Factor
Positive or negative makes a difference

In addition to ABO, your blood has another important marker called the Rh factor. You're either Rh-positive (has the D antigen) or Rh-negative (doesn't have it).

Rh Positive (+)

Has the D antigen. About 85% of people are Rh positive.

Rh Negative (-)

Lacks the D antigen. About 15% of people are Rh negative.

Combining ABO and Rh gives you 8 possible blood types: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, and O-.

Why Blood Type Matters
Compatibility is critical for transfusions

Incompatibility is Dangerous

Mixing incompatible blood types can cause a life-threatening reaction where the immune system attacks the transfused blood cells.

O- is the Universal Donor

Can be given to anyone in emergencies because it has no A, B, or Rh antigens.

AB+ is the Universal Recipient

Can receive any blood type because they have all antigens.

Concept Map

Explore the relationships between key blood banking concepts. Hover over nodes to highlight connections.

Blood Banking Concept Map

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Core Concepts
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Know Your Blood Type

It could save your life or someone else's. Get tested today and consider donating blood.